This portrait of Cecilia Gallerani, a young noblewoman and mistress of Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan, stands out for its psychological depth and naturalism. The ermine, symbolizing purity and moderation, adds symbolic meaning to the work.

Leonardo’s skill in portraying textures, such as the softness of the ermine’s fur and the smoothness of Cecilia’s skin, demonstrates his meticulous attention to detail.

 Ginevra de' Benci — c. 1474–1478

Currently housed in the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C., this portrait of Ginevra de’ Benci is one of Leonardo’s early works and showcases his exploration of light and shadow to model the subject’s face realistically.

The juniper bush in the background symbolizes chastity and virtue, while the serene expression and subtle smile hint at the sitter’s inner life.

 Saint John the Baptist — c. 1513–1516

One of Leonardo’s later works, this painting presents Saint John the Baptist in a mysterious pose, pointing upward. The chiaroscuro technique, the strong contrasts of light and dark, enhances the figure’s three-dimensionality and spiritual intensity.

The ambiguous expression and dynamic gesture reflect Leonardo’s continued interest in human emotion and divine symbolism.

 The Baptism of Christ — c. 1472–1475 (collaboration with Andrea del Verrocchio)

Although primarily attributed to Verrocchio, Leonardo is believed to have painted the young angel holding Jesus’ robe, demonstrating his early talent. This work combines religious symbolism with refined naturalism, marking Leonardo’s initial steps toward his later genius.

Conclusion: Leonardo’s Enduring Legacy in Art History

Leonardo da Vinci’s paintings are far more than mere representations; they are profound studies of humanity, nature, and the mysteries of existence. His innovative techniques, such as sfumato and chiaroscuro, influenced countless artists after him and set new standards in artistic realism and expression.

Each painting discussed here offers insight into Leonardo’s genius and the cultural context of the Renaissance. Whether it is the subtle smile of the Mona Lisa or the dramatic tension of The Last Supper, these masterpieces continue to captivate audiences worldwide, embodying the timeless power of art to inspire and provoke thought. shutdown123